Winter Immunity: The Nutrients That Really Work

You may notice that as soon as all the kids are back in school, everyone is coming down with something. Or, you might find that every year when you finish work for Christmas, you all come down with the flu. Why is this happening? And what can we do about it?

When the weather turns colder, shorter daylight hours can leave many of us feeling completely run down. You may find yourself catching more colds, feeling more tired, or noticing that your gut feels more unsettled - all of which can affect our immune resilience. 

The good news is that there are things we can do with our food that can strengthen our body’s defences. This blog explores why immunity tends to decline in winter and which nutrients have the strongest scientific backing for supporting immune health.

Why Immunity Declines in Winter

There are several reasons why winter puts extra pressure on your immune system.

Reduced sunlight and vitamin D synthesis
From October to March in the UK, the sun’s rays are too weak for the skin to produce enough vitamin D. The process depends on ultraviolet B (UVB) light converting a cholesterol compound in the skin (7-dehydrocholesterol) into vitamin D3. So, winter is a time of year when the sun is low in the sky and people are spending more time indoors, therefore production effectively shuts down.

Research shows that average vitamin D levels fall steadily through winter and early spring. This is a particular issue for people with darker skin tones, because higher levels of melanin reduce the skin’s ability to synthesise vitamin D from sunlight. People of South Asian, African, or Caribbean heritage are therefore at higher risk of deficiency in the UK climate, and maintaining good status often requires dietary supplementation. Older adults, people who cover their skin for cultural or medical reasons, or those with gut absorption issues are also more likely to have low vitamin D.

More time indoors
As temperatures drop, we spend more time inside in close proximity to others. 

This makes it easier for respiratory viruses to spread, especially when windows are closed and air circulation is poor. Cold, dry air may also help viruses survive longer in the environment.

Lifestyle and digestive changes
Shorter days can disrupt sleep and mood, both of which directly influence gut motility and digestive secretions through the gut–brain axis. Reduced sunlight lowers serotonin levels, and since serotonin helps regulate intestinal movement, this can slow digestion and may lead to bloating or constipation.

People often move less and drink less water in winter, which reduces the mechanical stimulation of the gut and slows peristalsis. Colder weather can also shift food choices toward heavier, starchier meals and fewer fresh fruits and vegetables, reducing fibre intake and microbial diversity.

Meanwhile, chronic low-grade stress – common during darker months – can activate the sympathetic nervous system thereby suppressing the “rest and digest” parasympathetic response. This leads to lower stomach acid and digestive enzyme secretion, which can reduce nutrient absorption. Together, these factors make digestion feel slower and less efficient, particularly in those already prone to gut symptoms.

And, because around 70% of immune cells are located in or around the gut wall, any disruption to digestion and gut barrier function can weaken immune regulation, leaving the body more vulnerable to infection and inflammation.

Key Nutrients for A Resilient Immune System

But it’s not all bad news! There are several things that we can do to support our immune system over these cold, wintry months. Here are the most evidence-based:

Vitamin D and Immune Defence

Vitamin D acts more like a hormone than a vitamin, influencing over 200 genes, many of which are involved in immune regulation. 

Immune cells carry vitamin D receptors, allowing vitamin D to influence how they behave. It helps maintain the integrity of epithelial barriers (such as the linings of the lungs and the gut), encourages the production of antimicrobial peptides that directly fight pathogens, and supports a balanced immune response - strong enough to defend, but not so strong that it triggers excess inflammation.

Why winter matters
During the darker months, vitamin D synthesis from sunlight is negligible across the UK. Dietary sources are limited, and deficiency is common in people who spend little time outdoors or have darker skin. Low levels have been linked with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and slower recovery.

While research findings are mixed, studies consistently show that those who start winter with low vitamin D tend to benefit most from supplementation. The evidence suggests that steady, daily doses are more effective than occasional high doses. In the UK, public health guidance recommends everyone take a 10 µg (400 IU) daily vitamin D supplement between October and March, with some people needing higher amounts under clinical supervision.

Zinc

Zinc is critical for the development and activity of immune cells. It helps regulate inflammation, supports wound healing, and is essential for maintaining the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes - our first physical barriers to infection.

Even mild zinc deficiency can impair immune function. Several randomised controlled trials have shown that zinc lozenges, when taken within 24 hours of the onset of cold symptoms, can shorten duration by a few days. The effect depends on the formulation and dose: lozenges that provide more than 75 mg elemental zinc per day, taken for short periods, appear most effective.

Good dietary sources include shellfish, beef, lamb, cheese, pumpkin seeds, and wholegrains. Because high intakes can interfere with copper absorption, long-term supplementation should not be done without supervision.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is one of the body’s main antioxidants and plays an essential role in immune defence. It supports the function of white blood cells, enhances the activity of natural killer cells, and protects immune cells from oxidative stress during infection. It also helps maintain the integrity of those epithelial barriers, including the gut and lungs.

While daily supplementation with vitamin C does not seem to prevent colds in the general population, it can modestly reduce their duration and severity. People under physical stress, such as athletes or those with higher oxidative load, may benefit more. 

Regular intake of vitamin C-rich foods - citrus fruits, kiwi, berries, peppers, and cruciferous vegetables - remains the best approach for most people.

Selenium

Selenium is a trace mineral needed to produce selenoproteins, enzymes that protect immune cells from oxidative damage. It helps control inflammation, supports the production of antibodies, and assists in the clearance of pathogens.

In regions with low selenium soil levels, such as parts of Europe, sub-optimal intake may be more common. Deficiency has been associated with reduced immune responses and more severe infections. 

Most people can maintain good levels by eating selenium-rich foods such as Brazil nuts (just one or two per day), eggs, tuna, sardines, and wholegrains.

Probiotic foods and the Gut–Immune Axis

Around two-thirds of immune activity originates in or around the gut. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in training and regulating immune responses. When the balance of gut bacteria is disrupted, for example, after antibiotics or periods of high stress, the immune system can become either sluggish or over-reactive.

Several meta-analyses have found that specific probiotic strains can reduce the risk or duration of upper respiratory tract infections, particularly in children and older adults. Benefits are strain-specific and depend on regular intake. 

Fermented foods such as live yoghurt, kefir, sauerkraut, and kimchi can contribute to microbial diversity. Always check with a nutritionist before embarking on probiotic supplementation, as it is important to pick the right strain.

Everyday Food Sources of Immune Nutrients

You can support immune resilience through simple, whole-food choices:

• Vitamin D: Oily fish such as salmon, sardines, and mackerel; eggs; fortified foods; and mushrooms exposed to UV light.
• Zinc: Shellfish, red meat, cheese, pumpkin and sesame seeds, and wholegrains.
• Vitamin C: Citrus fruits, kiwi, berries, peppers, broccoli, Brussels sprouts.
• Selenium: Brazil nuts, eggs, tuna, sardines, and wholegrain cereals.
• Probiotics: Live yoghurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, and other fermented vegetables.

For those of us with gut symptoms, make sure to introduce higher-fibre or fermented foods gradually and support digestion with mindful eating and adequate hydration.

If you find that you’re frequently run down in winter or struggle with fatigue and gut symptoms, it may be time to review your nutrient intake and gut–immune balance.  Book a free 30-minute call with me, and we can talk through options to support your energy, gut health, and immune strength through the colder months.

My Top Tips to Balancing Blood Sugar in Midlife

Many of my clients notice their energy, appetite and weight begin to shift around perimenopause and menopause. Even if your diet hasn’t changed much, you may feel more tired, experience stronger cravings, or find that weight gathers more easily around your middle. And all those tricks that you used to use to drop half a stone don’t work anymore.

This often links back to changes in blood sugar regulation. Hormonal shifts during menopause can affect how your body responds to carbohydrates and insulin, making it harder to maintain steady energy. The good news is that simple, food-first strategies can make a big difference.

Why Blood Sugar Balance Matters During Menopause

Blood sugar (glucose) is your body’s main source of fuel. After eating, glucose from carbohydrates enters your bloodstream, and the hormone insulin helps move it into your cells for energy.

During perimenopause and after menopause, lower oestrogen levels can make the body less sensitive to insulin. This means glucose stays in the bloodstream for longer, and the body may release more insulin to compensate. Over time, this can lead to energy crashes, increased fat storage, and higher risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

Supporting blood sugar balance helps reduce these risks while improving daily energy, focus and mood.

How to Spot Imbalances

Recognising the signs of blood sugar swings can help you spot when you might need to make adjustments.

Cravings, Energy Crashes and Weight Gain
Common signs include:

• Strong cravings for sugary or refined foods, especially mid-morning or mid-afternoon
• Energy slumps a few hours after eating
• Feeling shaky, anxious or irritable if you go too long without food
• Weight gain around the abdomen, even without eating more than usual

These symptoms can have other causes too, so it’s important not to self-diagnose – always check with your GP if something is off. But if they sound familiar, it can be worth experimenting with blood sugar-balancing strategies and monitoring how you feel.

Simple Nutrition Strategies for Steady Energy

The goal is to keep blood sugar levels gently rising and falling through the day, rather than spiking sharply and then crashing. A few small changes to your meals and eating habits can help. 

Here are my top tips to balancing your blood sugar:

Include protein at every meal
Protein slows the release of glucose from food, helping you feel fuller for longer. Aim for 20–30g per meal. Good sources include fish, poultry, eggs, dairy, tofu, tempeh, lentils, beans, nuts and seeds.

Add fibre and healthy fats
Fibre-rich foods like vegetables, fruit, legumes, nuts and seeds help regulate glucose release and support gut health. Healthy fats from olive oil, avocado, nuts and seeds also slow digestion and improve satiety.

Choose whole, minimally processed carbohydrates
Swap refined carbs like white bread, pastries and sugary snacks for veggie alternatives like courgetti, cauliflower rice, or mashed celeriac. These release glucose more gradually.

Balance your plate
As a simple visual guide, aim to fill half your plate with non-starchy vegetables, a quarter with protein, and a quarter with wholegrain or starchy vegetables. Include a small portion of healthy fat such as olive oil or avocado.

Eat three meals a day, no snacks
Spacing those three meals every within a 12-hour window helps maintain steady energy. Grazing all day can keep insulin levels raised, while skipping meals may lead to big spikes and crashes later. This will also give you a lovely 12-hour overnight fast. 

Be mindful with caffeine and alcohol
Too much caffeine on an empty stomach can spike cortisol and blood sugar, while alcohol can cause unstable blood sugar overnight. Try to pair caffeine with food and keep alcohol within recommended limits.

Move your body
Even a short walk after meals can help lower blood glucose levels by encouraging muscles to use glucose for energy. Strength training supports insulin sensitivity and helps preserve muscle, which naturally declines with age.

What next?

Blood sugar balance is one of the most impactful areas to focus on in midlife. It can help reduce cravings, stabilise energy and support healthy weight management - all while lowering the long-term risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Start by making small, sustainable changes to your meals, such as adding more protein and fibre, choosing wholegrains, and spacing meals evenly through the day. These shifts can have a powerful effect on how you feel, think and move through daily life. And if you want to know more about how to put this into practice, why not get in touch?

Meal Prepping – The Secret Ingredient to Healthy Living

Are you someone who meal preps? If the answer is yes, well done! You’ve already discovered how to make your life easier, healthier, and much less stressed. If the answer is no, let me ask you if any of the following sound familiar to you:

• I often feel tired and hungry after a busy day and don’t know what to cook for dinner
• I feel overwhelmed by making decisions about what to eat 3 x per day, 7 day a week
• I often order takeaway as I have no energy or inclination to cook
• I’m not inspired to cook and I often it the same things
• I always have to dash to the supermarket, as I don’t have anything for dinner in the house
• I don’t know what to eat or cook

If any of these (or all of them!) resonate with you, don’t worry – you are not alone. This is super common with many of my clients, and I will share with you what I share with them – the world of meal planning and prep.

Life is demanding and busy and making decisions about daily meals just adds to one's stress levels. Meal planning takes away this stress and guesswork out of mealtimes, allowing you to have a more relaxed and organised routine, while ensuring you always have a clear idea of your meals in advance.

Meal planning is simply planning your meals for the week to help reduce stress and to best suit your nutritional needs. Your meal planning can be as flexible or as rigid as you want it to be. It's meant to be helpful and not add any extra stress to your day.

Meal planning also serves as a bridge to efficient meal prepping while still offering flexibility and variation to your diet. You can still have variety in your diet by using different ingredients within the framework you've set.

Here are my top tips for successful meal planning and prep:

• Set aside a suitable & specific time each week to plan your meals, shop and meal prep. Try to make it part of your regular routine.
• Decide how you would like to plan e.g. physical planner, spreadsheet etc. Choose whatever works best for you.
• When planning, ensure that your meals are balanced, aim for variety & include different flavours & textures to keep the meals interesting
• Check your weekly schedule & maybe prep meals for those busy days.
• Keep it simple by starting with 2 -3 easy meals until you feel comfortable with meal planning & prep.
• It can be fun to get the whole family involved with your planning & prep.
• To get started with meal prep, choose a day & time that is good for you and start with the meals that really pain you e.g. breakfasts or lunch boxes etc.
• Check what you already have in your fridge & pantry & then create a shopping list based on your meals planned for the week.
• Meal prep can involve batch cooking, pre-cooking components of your meals, washing & chopping veggies, preparing healthy snacks, making dressings & pesto, marinating meat etc.
• Cook once, eat twice by repurposing left-overs into new dishes.
• Batch cooking is great for sauces, soups, stews and curries which can be successfully frozen.
• Short cuts: Pick meals that don't need to be cooked and if budget allows, buy pre-cut veggies or stir fries.
• Always keep staples like frozen veggies, frozen fish and tinned pulses, tinned fish, tinned tomatoes etc. in your freezer & pantry.
• Food storage containers : Glass bowls, bowls with dividers,
• bento boxes, mason jars, glass bottles etc. Label and date containers for easy identification and to track freshness.
• Keep meals interesting by rotating recipes to avoid monotony.
• Find recipes that work for you and that you enjoy. Bookmark them or store them in notes on your phone.
• Keep meals balanced by including protein, healthy fats, a small portion of starchy carbs and plenty of veggies.

And if you’d like to know more, I’m giving away a free eBook called Plan, Prep and Thrive – it contains all the information you need to become a skilled meal prepper. Want to grab a copy? Just click here. And get in touch if I can help at all.

Everything you need to know about eating well this summer

Here are some simple strategies to support your energy, digestion and wellbeing in warmer weather.

Summer often brings a welcome change of pace. Longer days, more time outdoors and lighter meals all contribute to a shift in how we eat and live. In many ways, it can feel easier to make healthier choices at this time of year. Fresh produce is more abundant, there are more opportunities to be active, and meals can feel naturally lighter.

However, summer also presents its own challenges. Shifting routines, social events, travel, hot weather and less structured days can all disrupt healthy habits. Many people find themselves grazing through the day, eating late at night or relying on less balanced meals simply because structure goes out the window.

This blog brings together simple, practical advice to help maintain energy, support digestion and feel well throughout the summer months.

Prioritise nourishment, not just ‘lighter’ meals

Hot weather often reduces appetite, which can lead to skipping meals or defaulting to salad leaves and little else. While lighter meals may be more appealing, it is important to ensure they still provide the nutrients the body needs to feel satisfied and energised.

That means building meals around protein, healthy fats and fibre. A salad with added chicken, chickpeas, avocado and a wholegrain like quinoa or brown rice offers far more nutritional value than just lettuce and cucumber. Lighter doesn’t need to mean less nourishing. 

Think: Mediterranean Diet vibes - colourful fruit and veggies, lean proteins, liberal drizzles of olive oil. 

Stay consistent with meal timing

Changes in routine over the summer can make it easy to miss meals or eat inconsistently. Skipping meals often leads to low energy, blood sugar crashes and cravings later in the day.

Aim to keep a regular meal rhythm – ideally three balanced meals a day with one planned snack if needed. This provides structure, supports metabolism, and helps avoid that common pattern of undereating during the day and overcompensating later on.

Even if your appetite is lower in the heat, smaller meals or lighter options such as yoghurt with fruit and seeds, a protein-rich smoothie, or a wrap with hummus and vegetables can help maintain stability throughout the day.

Make space for enjoyment while travelling

Summer holidays are often seen as a time when all healthy habits go out the window. While it is perfectly reasonable to relax a little, it is entirely possible to enjoy food on holiday without feeling sluggish, bloated or off-track.

Before you travel, it’s worth considering which are the key nutrition or movement habits that will travel well. Starting the day with a familiar breakfast (think eggs, fruit and yoghurt, for example rather than a buffet of pastries), staying hydrated, walking whenever possible and including vegetables in most meals can all help you maintain your energy and keep your digestive system working well.

Eating well is not about restriction. It’s easier than you think to eat well, especially if you’ve given some time to thinking about the treats that are important to you while you’re away that ‘make’ a holiday and focus on doing those things rather than ‘all the things’. That might mean enjoying a daily ice cream and the occasional cocktail (but sticking to dry white wine for the remainder) and only having croissants one day in the week rather than every day. You’re still enjoying the ‘fun stuff’ but you’re not going overboard, which might tip you into feeling sluggish during your time away, and result in a post-holiday diet.

Support digestive health – especially in the heat

Gut health is often overlooked during summer, yet it plays a vital role in how we feel. Bloating, sluggish digestion and irregular bowel movements are common when routines change, water intake drops, or unfamiliar foods are introduced.

Hydration is essential. Increasing water intake, especially during travel and warmer days, helps keep digestion moving. Including fibre-rich foods such as fruit, vegetables, legumes and wholegrains supports gut motility. For clients prone to digestive issues, consider recommending magnesium or probiotics as part of their summer supplement routine.

Movement is also important. Gentle daily activity such as walking and swimming can stimulate digestion and reduce bloating, particularly when sitting for long periods during travel.

Build flexible structure into summer routines

Summer routines may look different, but some gentle structure helps maintain momentum without needing a detailed meal plan. A few consistent habits can go a long way.

You might benefit from having a set of go-to meals that require little prep, such as wraps, cold grain salads, or overnight oats. Keeping staple ingredients like tinned fish, eggs, leafy greens, hummus and frozen berries on hand can help simplify decisions during busy weeks.

One thing you can lean into at this time of year is eating mindfully. Perfect for lazy summer meals, ensuring you chew each mouthful well and pause before reaching for food out of habit rather than hunger can also support digestion and reduce overeating.

Let go of pressure and focus on wellbeing

Summer often comes with increased pressure to look a certain way. There’s nothing more than needing to remove clothes to make you feel self-conscious. It is easy to fall into the mindset of needing to ‘get back on track’ or eat perfectly to feel confident in lighter clothes. This rarely supports long-term wellbeing.

Reframing the focus towards feeling energised, supporting digestion, sleeping well and having enough stamina to enjoy summer activities is far more empowering. Clients do not need to eat perfectly to feel good – they need strategies that work with their lives, not against them.

A consistent approach that prioritises nourishment, hydration, and flexibility can help make this summer feel lighter in all the right ways.

If you would like personalised support with summer meal planning, or tips to manage travel, events and busy days, feel free to get in touch. We can create a plan that works for your lifestyle.

Eat your way to amazing skin

Most people don’t give a second’s thought to their skin – unless they’re scowling at the wrinkles or wobbly bits in the mirror. It’s already doing a fabulous job keeping your insides in, protecting you from infection and radiation, and keeping you warm. There’s also a huge amount you can do to keep your skin looking healthy and fresh and – I’m happy to tell you – stave off the wrinkles without buying that expensive anti-ageing cream. Read on to find out how. 

Ditch the bad guys

Alcohol, caffeine, food additives like flavourings and colourings, salt, sugar, and tobacco are full of cell-damaging free radicals, which play havoc with your skin. Ideally, cut them out altogether but certainly reduce them as much as you can.  

Be fat-friendly

Essential fats found in fish, avocados, nuts and seeds keep cell membranes soft and smooth – they’re nature’s perfect skin plumpers. Just in case the word ‘fat’ sends a red flag up for you, I want to reassure you that scientists have finally admitted all that’ fat is bad for you and makes you fat’ propaganda was flawed. Eating the right fat is not only not bad, but also really, truly GOOD for your health. 

Eat back the clock

Stock up on antioxidant-rich fruit and veg. These are crucial for your entire body – not just your skin. They reduce the speed of skin aging and degeneration. Eat them raw or lightly steamed as cooking for long periods destroys enzymes, minerals and vitamins and can create skin-damaging free radicals. A couple of simple exercises are these: make a concerted effort to add at least one extra portion of veg every night this week to your evening meal. You should also aim to ‘eat a rainbow’ over the course of the week – that means picking as many different colours of fruit and veg as you can. 

As a very general rule, each different colour group contains a different set of plant chemicals. Scientists now know that bringing a variety of different antioxidants into your diet has a synergistic effect, which means the combined result is more powerful than the individual parts. 

Drink up!

Keep skin cells plump and full or your skin will look shrivelled and dehydrated – a long cry from that radiant glow you’re going for. Cells also need water to rebuild and to remove the build up of waste products (toxins). It’s a very simple (and free) step that most people don’t prioritise and yet the results and be striking. Aim for at least 2-3 litres a day depending on weather conditions and your level of exercise. You’ll soon see the benefit for you skin. 

Helpful nutrients for skin health

Vitamin C for collagen production. Foods to include: blackcurrants, red peppers, kale, collard leaves, broccoli, kiwis, oranges, courgettes, cauliflower and spinach, citrus fruit.

Vitamins A, C, E and selenium are antioxidants that limit the damage done to collagen and elastin fibres by free radicals. Foods to include (aside from the vitamin C foods, above, and the vitamin A foods, below): sunflower seeds, almonds, spinach, swiss chard, papaya, mustard greens, asparagus, peppers, Brazil nuts, fresh tuna, some meats including pork, beef, turkey and chicken, cottage cheese, eggs, brown rice, sunflower seeds, spinach, oats, mushrooms.

Vitamin A helps control the rate of keratin. A lack of vitamin A can result in dry, rough skin. Foods to include: sweet potato, carrots, butternut squash, spinach, kale, collard greens, turnip greens, romaine lettuce.

Vitamin D. Skin cells produce a chemical that is converted into vitamin D in sunlight. It’s important for many functions in the body, including immunity, blood sugar balance and bone health. It’s hard to get enough vitamin D from food alone, but do try to include more sardines, salmon, tuna, swordfish, eggs – and don’t forget a daily dose of getting out into the sun!

Zinc for the production of skin cells. A lack of zinc can result in poor skin healing, eczema and rashes. Foods to include: venison, fish, ginger root, lamb, lean beef, turkey, green vegetables, oats, nuts, sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds, yoghurt, scallops.

Essential fats for making cell membranes. A lack of essential fats causes cells to dry out too quickly, resulting in dry skin. Foods to include: oily fish (salmon, sardines, halibut, scallops), flaxseed, walnuts, soya beans, tofu.

Watch what you put on your body, too

The skin is the largest organ in the body with a surface area about the size of a double bed. It soaks everything up you put on it, and what soaks in ends up in your blood stream. So, if your shampoo and conditioner or shower gel (all of which wash over you as you shower), or your body lotions or creams contain nasty chemicals like parabens or sodium lauryl/laureth sulplate, you are feeding yourself synthetic oestrogens that can wreak havoc with your hormones. Check labels for ingredients – often they may be marked as paraben-free. 

Learn how to deal with problem skin

A targeted nutrition plan can work wonders for skin problems like acne, eczema, psoriasis and so on. This kind of personalised nutrition is often poorly understood and isn’t really talked about in the media. It doesn’t work to just add to your diet a single ‘superfood’. However, a bespoke plan that takes into all of your skin – and health – concerns can make a huge difference. Ask me how. I’d love to help – why not book a call?

Your Hormone Balancing Action Plan

If you’re suffering with PMS, menopausal symptoms, or hormonal conditions such as PCOS and endometriosis, then take a look at this plan. These simple changes aren’t going to solve everything, but if made consistently over time, they can have a positive effect on your mood and how you feel.

Here’s where to start:

Eat Real Foods

If your hormones are out of whack or you struggle with anything to do with your mood, the very first thing to do is to take a good look at your diet and consider how much ‘real food’ you eat and how much of your diet is processed. If you ONLY switched to real food, making everything from scratch, you would see a big improvement in your health. Ready to do more?

Bring in more fruit and vegetables

Fruit and vegetables are packed full of nutrients compared to many other foods and are beneficial for all aspects of health. Focus on the low-sugar fruits (the ones that grow in this country ahead of tropical fruits like bananas, mango and pineapple). For veg, eat more of the stuff that grows above the ground as – as a general rule – it contains less starch and keeps blood sugar levels stable.

Eat protein regularly

Choose a source of protein at every meal and snack. Protein is needed for growth and repair in the body. Good sources of protein include eggs, organic meat and poultry, oily fish like wild salmon, trout, etc. and Greek yoghurt, nuts and seeds.

Think carefully about starchy carbohydrates

Carbohydrates can be broken down into simple carbs and complex carbs. In simple carbs, the sugar molecules that occur either naturally or as a result of added sugar are quickly digested and absorbed into the bloodstream. Examples of simple carbs are cakes, cookies and pastries (in fact, anything with sugar), white bread, rice and pasta, and potato. The result is you get a short-term high but afterwards you feel more tired, fuzzy-headed and hungry.

Complex carbs are made up of hundreds of sugar molecules, and these are absorbed much more slowly so they keep you feeling fuller and focussed for longer. Focus on bringing more of these into your diet ahead of simple carbs. They include wholemeal bread and pasta, brown rice, oats, beans, chickpeas and lentils, quinoa, sweet potato and butternut squash.

Do eat fat

Healthy fats are an essential part of a good diet and should not be seen as the enemy. Fats are also the building blocks of all hormones and keep cell membranes and nerve cells healthy. The best sources of fat are flaxseeds (also known as linseeds), avocado, olive oil, coconut oil, oily fish like wild salmon, nuts and seeds.

Prioritise sleep

There are some actions you can take to make a good sleep much more likely. These include things like avoiding drinks containing caffeine after lunch, going to bed at the same time every day, keeping the temperature in your bedroom comfortable, keeping the bedroom completely dark so you’re not disturbed by light and making an effort to relax for at least 5 minutes before going to bed - a warm bath, massage, meditation and so on.

The biggest tip I can give you is to really ensure that you prioritise your sleep. Make a real effort to focus on all the things you can do to improve your sleep hygiene rather than ‘kind of’ doing it.

Move your body

Exercise can have a noticeable effect on hormones and mood. You might have heard how exercise releases endorphins and the feel-good hormones dopamine and serotonin.

Instead of moving in such a way that you place excessive stress on the body, consider how your body likes to move. Focus on things like brisk walks, yoga or pilates, and dance classes ahead of more punishing regimes involving spin classes and long runs.

Improve your digestive health

There might seem quite a geographical distance between your digestive system and your brain but the two are actually very closely connected. In fact, the digestive system is often referred to as the ‘second brain’. If you have any problems with your digestive system, it will be worth working on these with a nutrition professional. Your coach will be able to advise if any functional testing might be appropriate to look for food reactions (allergies or intolerances) or a broader test to see whether you might have bacterial imbalance or infection.

For the purposes of this guide, it might be helpful to ensure you regularly eat probiotic foods like natural yoghurt, kefir and kombucha (all are now widely available even in supermarkets) or even take a probiotic supplement.

Reduce stress

Taking action to reduce stress in your life is essential but many people are concerned the specific things they might do are too much of a luxury in their already-busy lives. Bottom line: you can’t simply keep going the way things are. Taking some time to empty the ‘stress bucket’ is critical for your wellbeing. Yoga and mindfulness/meditation are proven ways to reduce stress but consider taking time out just to do the things you love to do quietly, mindfully and on your own: sitting in the garden with a cuppa, reading, colouring, knitting or trying out a new hobby.

Get expert help

If you’re unsure where to start, why not get in touch? I offer free 30 minute calls, and just might be able to help you.